Re what the news industry should do about Facebook, please read David Carr's piece, and my own piece, and then here's a very simple four-step plan.
Say yes to Facebook, because it's distribution, and you need it. They reach people you don't. It's found money.
Build an industry news system, as Hulu was for the television industry, to be sure there's a way for you to get news to your followers, independent of the tech industry. The software it develops should be non-proprietary, so it's possible there will be many Hulus-For-News.
Each news organization reaches into their own communities, however they are defined, geographically or by interest, and brings in the best amateur writers and news makers, to tell their own stories. Become a coral reef for news in your community. It's not the paywall that's keeping you from growing as it is the story-wall. News is no longer an elite thing, everyone can do it.
With that in mind, work with local school districts and universities to teach basic journalism skills to students at all levels. This is more important than teaching kids to "code." Everyone has a story to tell, and we can all learn to do it better. What passes for opinion on the net is primitive. Let's work together to upgrade the news experience no matter who's doing the writing.